Many confuse a bruise with a hematoma, however, the nature of their origin is different. As a result of any trauma, these small vessels burst, as a result of which blood flows out of them, spreading under a thin skin integument.
The skin in this area darkens, but, under the influence of enzymes, gradually returns to its original color. Doctors distribute bruises into four types. The first is a minor bruise, when a person may not even notice him or feel pain.
Such a bruise passes quickly enough. The second is stronger, and is accompanied not only by bruising, but also by rupture of muscles. The third type of injury is very painful, in this case the tendons are damaged and even the possibility of dislocation is possible. But the most dangerous is the fourth form, when the bruise turns into a serious injury. The most important thing is to recognize in time the degree of damage, the nature of the bruise and the cause of its appearance, since the correct treatment of the affected area will depend on this.
Causes of bruising
A bruise can occur for various reasons. Basically, these are bruises, but it happens that a bruise can appear on the body for no reason, especially if the skin is naturally very light. Sometimes this can be explained by age-related changes. Simply put, aging skin. Over the years, tissues lose their elasticity, and capillaries can be damaged even by contact with clothing.Another possible reason is a lack of estrogen in the body, this problem is most often found in women.
In rare cases, bruises can occur after taking aspirin, which has the ability to thin the blood, or from a lack of vitamin C - its deficiency leads to fragility of blood vessels. But most of all bruising appears in people suffering from varicose veins, and is expressed in very noticeable capillaries in the form of nets. It happens that bruises appear under the eyes (this is explained by fatigue), under the nails (as a result of damage to the plates) and on the hands (poor blood coagulation). Very rarely, but still it happens that a bruise appears “late” - due to an old bruise that a person has long forgotten about. Why this happens confuses even specialists.
How can I get rid of bruises?
If the bruise appears as a result of a bruise, then after a while it brightens and disappears on its own. The time period depends on the severity of the injury, how strong the blow was. Bruising can go away in a week, and can last a month.
An important role is played by the location of the bruise. The lower it is on the body - the longer it will stay. Consequently, on the face it disappears faster than, for example, on the leg. How quickly the effects of the bruise go away depends on the competently rendered first aid. If the bruising appeared from a blow, then something cold should be immediately applied to the damaged area - this will relieve pain and reduce the volume of the bruise.
If the bruise fell on the arm or leg, then an elastic bandage will come to the rescue.If it was not possible to provide first aid, then a warm compress should be applied to the already formed bruise. It is necessary that under the influence of heat the blood vessels expand, and the accumulated fluid begins to dissolve more intensively. To help speed up the healing process will help ointments, which include vitamin K or arnica extract. But if bruises appear for no reason, then a doctor’s consultation is already required.
