A team of American scientists, using all modern research methods, clarified the value of the Hubble value. Thus, she discovered that the Universe is not expanding as fast as intended.
At the beginning of the last century, the American scientist Edwin Hubble proposed the concept of expanding Cosmos. He was the first in the world to conclude that it consists of many galaxies and that the distance between them is increasing. Subsequent calculations by the astronomer showed that the speed of removal of galaxies is proportional to their distance. This also means that they must expand faster.
Initially, the expansion was obtained - 500 km per second, based on the distance in megaparsec, i.e. 3.26 million light-years, or an unimaginable 30 quintillion kilometers (a quintillion is a unit with 18 zeros). Interestingly, the galaxy, which is located two megaparsecs from our planet, is expanding 2 times faster than the galaxy, removed at a distance of one megaparsec.
Astronomers use a variety of equipment that allows you to update Hubble's metrics. The most reliable value of the speed of expansion of space to this day is 74 kilometers per second per million parsecs.
Supernova vehicles used at the Planck Space Observatory changed the accuracy of astronomical observations and refined this constant.It differs from the initial indicator by more than 7 times. According to modern observations, it is 67.5 kilometers per second per megaparsec.
This was made possible by comparing the latest information obtained from the cosmic gamma of the Fermi telescope. He showed attenuation of radiation emanating from stars. A change in this value was the reason for the revision of the rate of removal of objects in the Universe.
It is noteworthy that gamma rays are emitted by all stars, but especially actively by quasars. These are the brightest objects of the observed part of the Universe. Their structural feature: this is the active core of the galaxy at the initial stage of its development, where a huge black hole absorbs the substance that surrounds it. As a result, the quasar literally pushes out a huge amount of gamma radiation.
When these rays reach our planet, they interact with photons originating from the Sun. The speed of their collision depends on the distance traveled by gamma rays. This value depends on the speed with which all galaxies in the universe expand. Through mathematical calculations, scientists were able to find out the updated value of the Hubble constant.
It is likely that in the future, as the methods of astronomical research develop, scientists will be able to achieve even greater accuracy in calculating the Hubble constant. But even the updated speed seems impressive to us, the inhabitants of the Earth. The development of astronomy in the future will help unravel the secrets of the birth of the universe.
